EPC 2025 SEPA Rulebook Updates

The European Payments Council (EPC) has released its 2025 Rulebook Updates for the SEPA Credit Transfer (SCT), SEPA Instant Credit Transfer (SCT Inst), SEPA Direct Debit Core (SDD Core) and SEPA Direct Debit Business-to-Business (SDD B2B) schemes.

These changes will come into effect on 5 October 2025 at 03:30 CET, and reflect a broader shift towards faster and smoother payments across the SEPA area.

With these milestones in mind, here's a closer look at the key changes introduced in the 2025 version.

Stricter SCT Inst Execution Times (5s/7s/9s rule)

SEPA Instant Credit Transfers will undergo a major upgrade in processing speed expectations.

These updates closely follow the timelines laid out in the Instant Payments Regulation (IPR) — an EU regulation adopted in March 2024, which mandates that PSPs in the euro area must fully support SEPA Instant Credit Transfers (SCT Inst) by 9 October 2025.

In line with this, the 2025 SEPA Rulebook introduces the following time requirements for SCT Inst:

• Execution in 5 seconds: the originator PSP should receive a response — positive or negative — regarding the SCT Inst operation

• Hard limit time at 7 seconds: CSMs must be receive a response by 7s — if not, they will automatically send a negative confirmation to both the originator and beneficiary PSP

• Final confirmation by 9 seconds: this is the latest when the originator PSP can receive a response regarding the SCT Inst operation

If no confirmation is received, the originator PSP must release the funds on the originator account by the 10th second. In these cases, the Rulebook recommends that the originator PSP initiates a status enquiry with its bank to determine the outcome of the transaction.

In timeout cases, both the originator and beneficiary PSPs will receive negative confirmation messages from the Clearing and Settlement Mechanism (CSM).

Why it matters

This sharp change from the 2023 version — where last response confirmation time came at 25 seconds — is a clear push towards true real-time performance. For customers, it guarantees faster confirmations and enhances trust in instant payments, which must now behave more like cash in a digital format — fast, final, and frictionless.

How to prepare

PSPs must invest in system optimisation to ensure end-to-end processing — including fraud checks and routing — can consistently meet the new 5-second target before the change goes live.

Timestamp Precision with Milliseconds for SCT Inst payments

In line with the stricter execution times introduced for SEPA Instant Credit Transfers, the Payment Instruction that the originator PSP receives when accepting the SCT Inst transaction must include milliseconds in the acceptance timestamp — also known as the Time of Receipt. The 5/7/9-second processing deadlines are calculated from this exact timestamp. The goal of this update is to ensure greater precision and consistency in tracking times.

In practice, all instant transactions must now use the ISO DateTime format with millisecond precision in the Time Of Receipt, with no trailing zeros allowed (for instance,.001 is valid, but .010 is not).

The following table provides relevant examples:

Why it matters

This is a subtle albeit important change for systems handling concurrent, high-frequency payments — especially with tighter SCT Inst execution windows.

It is especially critical for banks relying on legacy or inflexible systems, where even a small update like millisecond formatting can pose significant technical challenges.

How to prepare

PSPs must ensure that, by October 2025, all of their systems can generate ISO DateTime timestamps with valid millisecond precision.

Institutions with older systems should prioritise testing early, as retrofitting this timestamp precision into legacy infrastructure can quickly escalate into a major project.

Hybrid Address Format Introduced

In the 2023 version of the SEPA Rulebook, Payer and payee addresses could be provided in either a structured or unstructured format.

The 2025 rulebook introduces a new hybrid format, allowing PSPs to combine both structured and unstructured address data when providing payer and payee information. Starting October 2025, this format will be required for all types of SEPA schemes — SCT, SCT Inst, SDD Core and SDD B2B.

As a reminder, the EPC already mandates that the debtor's address is shown for transactions outside the European Economic Area (EEA), but remains optional for intra-EEA transactions.

Unstructured addresses will be phased out entirely by November 2026, aligning with the EPC’s long-term goal of standardisation across the SEPA ecosystem.

Why it matters

This hybrid format paves the way for a fully standardised system, while offering flexibility for PSPs that face challenges in generating structured address data due to their diverse customer bases.

While it may seem like a minor update, similar past changes have proven deceptively complex. The EPC’s 2023 ISO 20022 migration, for instance, required a last-minute delay due to implementation challenges faced by many financial institutions — despite appearing straightforward on paper.

How to prepare

Given this precedent, PSPs are strongly encouraged to adopt the hybrid format well ahead of the October 2025 deadline to avoid last-minute technical and operational risks.

And while the structured and hybrid only requirement doesn’t take effect until November 2026, the longer lead time should not be ignored either.

Transaction Limit Raised to Nearly €1 Billion for SCT Inst

The EPC has raised the maximum theoretical amount for SEPA Instant Credit Transfers to €999,999,999.99, up from the previous cap of €100,000 per transaction.

While this new amount defines the upper theoretical limit, PSPs can continue to define their own transaction caps for SCT Inst, just as they already do for standard SEPA Credit Transfers (SCT). However, under the Instant Payments Regulation (IPR), these PSP-defined limits for SCT Inst cannot be lower than those set for SCT.

Additionally, PSPs will be required to allow customers to define their own maximum thresholds for instant payments, whether per transaction or per day.

Why it matters

This shift aligns with evolving market demands for real-time, high-value payments, which means new use cases for large B2B transactions, treasury operations, and public sector disbursements — areas previously out of reach for instant payments.

How to prepare

PSPs are recommended to adjust their fraud detection, sanction screening, and risk thresholds to handle high-value instant transactions and mitigate relevant risks.

At the same time, exploring strategic opportunities to capture corporate and B2B high-value payments in the instant space can yield significant long-term value.

Tighter Recall Process for SCT & SCT Inst payments

The recall process for SEPA Credit Transfers (SCT) and SEPA Instant Credit Transfers (SCT Inst) is being tightened — only one recall per transaction will be allowed.

If a recall request receives a negative response, no further recall attempts will be permitted. However, if no response is received, it will be possible to send a status request without initiating a second recall.

Why it matters

This update reinforces the finality of instant payments and reduces operational uncertainty in post-settlement handling.

How to prepare

The strict allowance of only one recall per transaction means that PSPs should start updating their workflows to enforce the new rule and test that their systems can send status requests whenever applicable.

Expanded Payer Identification fields

The 2025 SEPA rulebook introduces greater flexibility in how the payer (debtor) can be identified across corporate and interbank messages in SCT, SCT Inst, SDD Core, and SDD B2B schemes.

PSPs and corporates can now use AnyBIC, Legal Entity Identifier (LEI), and/or one occurrence of an “Other” identifier in payment messages.

Concretely:

• You can use “AnyBIC” alone, or AnyBIC + Other — in practice, the BIC will be sufficient for PSPs in the vast majority of cases.

• You can use “LEI” alone, or LEI + Other — increasingly more common for non-PSP participants.

• Including both a BIC and LEI for the same entity has no technical impact — the BIC takes precedence in processing logic.

Why it matters

This change acknowledges the growing diversity of financial actors and identification practices within SEPA, while also supporting initiatives tied to anti-money laundering (AML) and transparency frameworks.

How to prepare

This rule offers more flexibility to PSPs about their Payer Identification. No specific preparation is required beyond the support of the additional identifier.

Original Message Name Identification for R-Messages

The 2025 SEPA rulebook introduces updates to R-message mapping for SEPA Credit Transfers (SCT & SCT Inst) and SEPA Direct Debits (SDD Core & B2B).

These changes align ISO 20022 message types with their original message name identifiers (MNIs). The rulebook also clarifies that the variant number and version number of the original message are optional, not mandatory.

For SEPA Credit Transfers (SCT & SCT Inst)

For SEPA Direct Debits (SDD Core & B2B)

Why it matters

As SEPA payment volumes grow — especially for instant payments — clear mapping between message types ensures faster resolution, better audit trails, and reduced operational risk in post-transaction handling. This is especially relevant for returns, refunds and inquiries tied to claims or failed deliveries.

How to prepare

PSPs need to ensure that their systems support both MNI versions — with and without the version number.

Summary

The 2025 SEPA Instant Payments Rulebook brings targeted updates that translate the requirements of the Instant Payments Regulation (IPR) to operational changes in the SEPA landscape. It also deepens the alignment with the ISO 20022 standard now in active use across SEPA. And while some changes may appear minor on paper, they can have a significant impact on banking systems, particularly those built on legacy infrastructure with rigid and critical flows that are difficult to adapt.

Payment Service Providers and impacted players are strongly encouraged to begin adapting now to ensure compliance and operational readiness before the deadline of October 2025, while seeking opportunities to unlock new business opportunities as the changes take effect.